FMR1 Antibody (N-term) [APR32346G]

FMR1 Antibody (N-term) [APR32346G] | Gentaur UK, US & Europe Distribution

Product Category: Polyclonal Antibodies

Host: Rabbit

Species Reactivity: H, M

Specificity: This FMR1 antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic peptide between 20-48 amino acids from the N-terminal region of human FMR1.

Cellular Localisation: Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleolus. Chromosome, centromere {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Chromosome {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasm, Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule. Perikaryon. Cell projection, neuron projection. Cell projection, axon {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cell projection, dendrite {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cell projection, dendritic spine {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cell junction, synapse, synaptosome {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cell projection, growth cone. Cell projection, filopodium tip {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cell junction, synapse {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cell junction, synapse, presynaptic cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922}. Cytoplasm, Stress granule. Note=Colocalizes with H2AX/H2A.x in pericentromeric heterochromatin in response to DNA damaging agents (By similarity) . Localizes on meiotic pachytene-stage chromosomes (By similarity) . Forms nuclear foci representing sites of ongoing DNA replication in response to DNA damaging agents (By similarity) Shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm in a XPO1/CRM1-dependent manner (PubMed:10196376) . Localizes to cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules, also referred to as messenger ribonucleoprotein particles or mRNPs, along dendrites and dendritic spines (PubMed:9659908, PubMed:14532325) FMR1-containing cytoplasmic granules colocalize to F-actin-rich structures, including filopodium, spines and growth cone during the development of hippocampal neurons (By similarity) . FMR1-containing cytoplasmic granules are transported out of the soma along axon and dendrite to synaptic contacts in a microtubule- and kinesin-dependent manner (PubMed:12417734, PubMed:15380484) . Colocalizes with CACNA1B in the cytoplasm and at the cell membrane of neurons (By similarity) Colocalizes with CYFIP1, CYFIP2, NXF2 and ribosomes in the perinuclear region (By similarity) . Colocalizes with CYFIP1 and EIF4E in dendrites and probably at synapses (By similarity) . Colocalizes with FXR1, kinesin, 60S acidic ribosomal protein RPLP0 and SMN in cytoplasmic granules in the soma and neurite cell processes (PubMed:12417734, PubMed:18093976, PubMed:16636078) . Colocalizes with FXR1 and FXR2 in discrete granules, called fragile X granules (FXGs), along axon and presynaptic compartments (By similarity) . Colocalizes with TDRD3 in cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) in response to various cellular stress (PubMed:18632687, PubMed:18664458, PubMed:16636078) {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35922, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q80WE1, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10196376, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12417734, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14532325, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15380484, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16636078, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18093976, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18632687, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18664458, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9659908} [Isoform 9]: Cytoplasm [Isoform 11]: Nucleus. Nucleus, Cajal body

Molecular Weight: 71174

Clone: Polyclonal

Gene Name: FMR1 (HGNC:3775)

Gene ID: 2332

Function: Multifunctional polyribosome-associated RNA-binding protein that plays a central role in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity through the regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, mRNA stability, mRNA dendritic transport and postsynaptic local protein synthesis of a subset of mRNAs (PubMed:16631377, PubMed:18653529, PubMed:19166269, PubMed:23235829, PubMed:25464849) . Plays a role in the alternative splicing of its own mRNA (PubMed:18653529) . Plays a role in mRNA nuclear export (By similarity) . Together with export factor NXF2, is involved in the regulation of the NXF1 mRNA stability in neurons (By similarity) . Stabilizes the scaffolding postsynaptic density protein DLG4/PSD-95 and the myelin basic protein (MBP) mRNAs in hippocampal neurons and glial cells, respectively; this stabilization is further increased in response to metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) stimulation (By similarity) . Plays a role in selective delivery of a subset of dendritic mRNAs to synaptic sites in response to mGluR activation in a kinesin-dependent manner (By similarity) . Plays a role as a repressor of mRNA translation during the transport of dendritic mRNAs to postsynaptic dendritic spines (PubMed:11532944, PubMed:11157796, PubMed:12594214, PubMed:23235829) . Component of the CYFIP1-EIF4E-FMR1 complex which blocks cap-dependent mRNA translation initiation (By similarity) . Represses mRNA translation by stalling ribosomal translocation during elongation (By similarity) . Reports are contradictory with regards to its ability to mediate translation inhibition of MBP mRNA in oligodendrocytes (PubMed:23891804) . Also involved in the recruitment of the RNA helicase MOV10 to a subset of mRNAs and hence regulates microRNA (miRNA) -mediated translational repression by AGO2 (PubMed:14703574, PubMed:17057366, PubMed:25464849) . Facilitates the assembly of miRNAs on specific target mRNAs (PubMed:17057366) . Plays also a role as an activator of mRNA translation of a subset of dendritic mRNAs at synapses (PubMed:19097999, PubMed:19166269) . In response to mGluR stimulation, FMR1-target mRNAs are rapidly derepressed, allowing for local translation at synapses (By similarity) . Binds to a large subset of dendritic mRNAs that encode a myriad of proteins involved in pre- and postsynaptic functions (PubMed:7692601, PubMed:11719189, PubMed:11157796, PubMed:12594214, PubMed:17417632, PubMed:23235829, PubMed:24448548) . Binds to 5'-ACU[GU]-3' and/or 5'-[AU]GGA-3' RNA consensus sequences within mRNA targets, mainly at coding sequence (CDS) and 3'-untranslated region (UTR) and less frequently at 5'-UTR (PubMed:23235829) . Binds to intramolecular G-quadruplex structures in the 5'- or 3'-UTRs of mRNA targets (PubMed:11719189, PubMed:18579868, PubMed:25464849, PubMed:25692235) . Binds to G-quadruplex structures in the 3'-UTR of its own mRNA (PubMed:7692601, PubMed:11532944, PubMed:12594214, PubMed:15282548, PubMed:18653529) . Binds also to RNA ligands harboring a kissing complex (kc) structure; this binding may mediate the association of FMR1 with polyribosomes (PubMed:15805463) . Binds mRNAs containing U-rich target sequences (PubMed:12927206) . Binds to a triple stem-loop RNA structure, called Sod1 stem loop interacting with FMRP (SoSLIP), in the 5'-UTR region of superoxide dismutase SOD1 mRNA (PubMed:19166269) . Binds to the dendritic, small non-coding brain cytoplasmic RNA 1 (BC1) ; which may increase the association of the CYFIP1-EIF4E-FMR1 complex to FMR1 target mRNAs at synapses (By similarity) . Associates with export factor NXF1 mRNA-containing ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) in a NXF2-dependent manner (By similarity) . Binds to a subset of miRNAs in the brain (PubMed:14703574, PubMed:17057366) . May associate with nascent transcripts in a nuclear protein NXF1-dependent manner (PubMed:18936162) . In vitro, binds to RNA homomer; preferentially on poly (G) and to a lesser extent on poly (U), but not on poly (A) or poly (C) (PubMed:7688265, PubMed:7781595, PubMed:12950170, PubMed:15381419, PubMed:8156595) . Moreover, plays a role in the modulation of the sodium-activated potassium channel KCNT1 gating activity (PubMed:20512134) . Negatively regulates the voltage- dependent calcium channel current density in soma and presynaptic terminals of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and hence regulates synaptic vesicle exocytosis (By similarity) . Modulates the voltage- dependent calcium channel CACNA1B expression at the plasma membrane by targeting the channels for proteosomal degradation (By similarity) . Plays a role in regulation of MAP1B-dependent microtubule dynamics during neuronal development (By similarity) . Recently, has been shown to play a translation-independent role in the modulation of presynaptic action potential (AP) duration and neurotransmitter release via large- conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels in hippocampal and cortical excitatory neurons (PubMed:25561520) . Finally, FMR1 may be involved in the control of DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms through the regulation of ATR-dependent signaling pathways such as histone H2AX/H2A.x and BRCA1 phosphorylations (PubMed:24813610) .

Summary: Tissue Location: Expressed in the brain, cerebellum and testis (PubMed:8401578) . Also expressed in epithelial tissues (PubMed:8401578) . Expressed in mature oligodendrocytes (OLGs) (PubMed:23891804) . Expressed in fibroblast (PubMed:24204304) . Expressed in neurons, Purkinje cells and spermatogonias (at protein level) (PubMed:8401578) . Expressed in brain, testis and placenta (PubMed:8504300) . Expressed in neurons and lymphocytes (PubMed:8504300) .

Form: Purified polyclonal antibody supplied in PBS with 0.09% (W/V) sodium azide. This antibody is purified through a protein A column, followed by peptide affinity purification.

Storage: Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 2 weeks. For long term storage store at -20°C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

Application: IHC-P, WB, FC

Dilution: IHC-P--1:100~500 WB--1:1000 FC--1:10~50

Synonyms: Fragile X mental retardation protein 1, FMRP, Protein FMR-1, FMR1