Phospho-TBK (S172) Antibody [APR14369G]

Phospho-TBK (S172) Antibody [APR14369G] | Gentaur UK, US & Europe Distribution

Product Category: Polyclonal Antibodies

Host: Rabbit

Species Reactivity: H

Specificity: This TBK Antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding S172 of human TBK.

Cellular Localisation: Cytoplasm. Note=Upon mitogen stimulation or triggering of the immune system, TBK1 is recruited to the exocyst by EXOC2.

Molecular Weight: 83642

Clone: Polyclonal

Gene Name: TBK1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10581243, ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:11584}

Gene ID: 29110

Function: Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents (PubMed:12692549, PubMed:14703513, PubMed:18583960, PubMed:12702806, PubMed:15367631, PubMed:10581243, PubMed:11839743, PubMed:15485837, PubMed:21138416, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:23453971, PubMed:23453972, PubMed:23746807, PubMed:26611359, PubMed:32404352) . Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X (PubMed:12692549, PubMed:14703513, PubMed:18583960, PubMed:12702806, PubMed:15367631, PubMed:25636800) . This activity allows subsequent homodimerization and nuclear translocation of the IRFs leading to transcriptional activation of pro- inflammatory and antiviral genes including IFNA and IFNB (PubMed:12702806, PubMed:15367631, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:32972995) . In order to establish such an antiviral state, TBK1 form several different complexes whose composition depends on the type of cell and cellular stimuli (PubMed:23453971, PubMed:23453972, PubMed:23746807) . Plays a key role in IRF3 activation: acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1 (PubMed:25636800, PubMed:30842653) . Phosphorylated IRF3 dissociates from the adapter proteins, dimerizes, and then enters the nucleus to induce expression of interferons (PubMed:25636800) . Thus, several scaffolding molecules including FADD, TRADD, MAVS, AZI2, TANK or TBKBP1/SINTBAD can be recruited to the TBK1- containing-complexes (PubMed:21931631) . Under particular conditions, functions as a NF-kappa-B effector by phosphorylating NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha/NFKBIA, IKBKB or RELA to translocate NF-Kappa-B to the nucleus (PubMed:10783893, PubMed:15489227) . Restricts bacterial proliferation by phosphorylating the autophagy receptor OPTN/Optineurin on 'Ser-177', thus enhancing LC3 binding affinity and antibacterial autophagy (PubMed:21617041) . Phosphorylates SMCR8 component of the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex, promoting autophagosome maturation (PubMed:27103069) . Phosphorylates and activates AKT1 (PubMed:21464307) . Seems to play a role in energy balance regulation by sustaining a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation in obesity, wich leads to a negative impact on insulin sensitivity (By similarity) . Attenuates retroviral budding by phosphorylating the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-I (ESCRT-I) subunit VPS37C (PubMed:21270402) . Phosphorylates Borna disease virus (BDV) P protein (PubMed:16155125) . Plays an essential role in the TLR3- and IFN-dependent control of herpes virus HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections in the central nervous system (PubMed:22851595) .

Summary: Tissue Location: Ubiquitous with higher expression in testis. Expressed in the ganglion cells, nerve fiber layer and microvasculature of the retina.

Form: Purified polyclonal antibody supplied in PBS with 0.09% (W/V) sodium azide. This antibody is purified through a protein A column, followed by peptide affinity purification.

Storage: Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 2 weeks. For long term storage store at -20°C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

Application: DB

Dilution: DB--1:500

Synonyms: Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1, NF-kappa-B-activating kinase, T2K, TANK-binding kinase 1, TBK1, NAK